Solar

Designing a reliable solar PV system depends heavily on how the battery bank is configured. Battery connections directly determine system voltage, storage capacity, performance, safety, and lifespan. The three most common configurations—Series, Parallel, and Series–Parallel—serve different technical objectives and must be selected with precision. This article explains each configuration in Read more…

Overall System Description The illustrated system represents a standalone (off-grid) solar PV configuration designed to generate, store, and supply electrical power independently of the utility grid. The architecture ensures reliable energy availability through controlled battery charging, safe DC distribution, and stable AC/DC power delivery to connected loads. 1. PV Array Read more…

Main Explanation (Dashboard Interpretation Narrative) The illustrated dashboard presents a comprehensive performance view of a rooftop solar PV system, combining real-time power behavior, long-term energy trends, and key performance indicators (KPIs) into a single, decision-ready interface. Such dashboards are central to modern solar monitoring systems, enabling operators, asset owners, and Read more…

As solar photovoltaic (PV) systems scale in size and complexity, monitoring has become a core engineering requirement rather than an optional add-on. Effective monitoring ensures performance transparency, faster fault detection, and data-backed decision-making for EPCs, O&M teams, and asset owners. The diagram presents a four-zone solar PV monitoring architecture, clearly Read more…

Modern solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are no longer evaluated solely on installed capacity; they are judged by performance, reliability, and data-driven decision-making. A well-designed solar PV monitoring architecture connects field-level sensors to cloud platforms, enabling real-time visibility, fault detection, and performance optimization. The image illustrates a four-zone monitoring framework, clearly Read more…

An effective earthing system is only as good as its measured resistance. In solar photovoltaic (PV) installations, earth resistance testing is a mandatory commissioning and maintenance activity that verifies whether fault currents can safely dissipate into the ground. The image illustrates the three-point fall-of-potential method, the most widely accepted technique Read more…

In solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, electrical safety is achieved not only through correct design and protection devices but also through clear, durable, and standardized labeling. The image illustrates best practices for identification labels, internal device marking, cable ferrules, wire tags, and safety stickers in an AC Distribution Box (ACDB). Proper Read more…

In a grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system, much attention is often given to PV modules, inverters, and DC-side protections. However, the AC Distribution Board (ACDB) is equally critical. It serves as the final protection and control interface between the inverter and the load or utility grid. The image illustrates a Read more…