Key considerations in selection of module mounting structure for your solar power plant

Mounting structures are one of the most important components of a solar power plant as they support the solar panels and keep them in place, ensuring maximum energy output. The selection of the right mounting structure is critical for the overall efficiency and long-term durability of the plant. In this article, we will discuss the factors to consider when selecting a fixed tilt structure for a solar power plant.

Strength of Steel:

The strength of the steel used in the mounting structure is a critical factor in determining its durability and ability to withstand environmental conditions. In general, the yield strength of the steel used for the post should be at least 310 MPa, and for purlins/rafters, it should be at least 345 MPa. The minimum thickness of the post should be at least 1.5 mm, while that of purlins/rafters should be at least 0.8 mm for pre-galvanized steel/Galvalume.

Deflection Limits:

The deflection limits of the post and purlins/rafters are crucial for ensuring the stability of the solar panels. The deflection limit of the post should not be more than the span/180, while that of purlins/rafters should not be more than the span/250.

Galvanization:

The quality of the galvanization is essential for the durability of the mounting structure. The hot-dip galvanized material should have a thickness of 85 microns for a thickness of 5 mm or more and 65 microns for a thickness of less than 5 mm. The pre-galvanized material should have a 550 GSM galvanization, while the Galvalume material should have an AZ 150 galvanization.

Design Speed:

The design speed of the mounting structure should be at least 170 km/hr to withstand high winds and ensure the stability of the solar panels.

Orientation:

The orientation of the mounting structure should be portrait to optimize the energy output of the solar panels.

Standards for Structural Steel Design:

The structural steel design should be as per IS 800: 2007 (Hot Rolled); IS 801: 1983 (Cold Form), and IS 875:(part:3) 1989.

Structural Design and Wind Loads:

The structural design and wind loads should be as per IS 875:Part-3. The terrain category should be 2, and the class of structure should be A, according to table-2.

Seismic Loading:

The seismic loading should be as per IS1893:2002.

Nuts and bolts

Nuts and bolts are essential components in module mounting structures. They play a crucial role in ensuring the stability, safety, and durability of the solar power plant.

One of the main functions of nuts and bolts is to secure the interconnection of the structure members. The bolts and nuts used for this purpose are typically made of 5.6-grade galvanized iron (GI) material. These nuts and bolts have a high tensile strength and are resistant to corrosion, which ensures that the structure members remain firmly connected even in harsh weather conditions.

Another important application of nuts and bolts is in module clamping. Direct bolting with stainless steel fasteners is commonly used for this purpose. Stainless steel fasteners are ideal for use in outdoor environments as they are resistant to corrosion and have high strength properties. They can withstand the extreme temperature variations and weather conditions that a solar power plant may experience.

In addition to providing mechanical stability, nuts and bolts also play a critical role in ensuring electrical safety. The proper tightening of bolts and nuts is essential to maintain proper grounding and electrical continuity in the solar power plant. Loose nuts and bolts can cause a high resistance in the electrical circuit, leading to overheating and potential safety hazards.

Overall, the selection of the right mounting structure for a solar power plant requires careful consideration of several factors, including the strength of steel, deflection limits, galvanization, design speed, orientation, and adherence to relevant standards and codes. By selecting the appropriate mounting structure, solar power plant operators can ensure the long-term durability and optimal energy output of their plants.