Solar panels produce Direct Current (DC), but our homes, factories, and the grid run on Alternating Current (AC). Bridging this gap is the job of the Solar Inverter.
While its primary function is DC-to-AC conversion, calling it just a “converter” sells it short. The inverter is the intelligent heart of the PV plant. Its key roles include:
1. MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking): The inverter constantly adjusts its internal resistance to squeeze the maximum possible power out of the PV array as sunlight intensity changes.
2. Grid Synchronization: For on-grid systems, the inverter matches the frequency and voltage of the utility grid perfectly to push power into it.
3. Protection: It manages critical safety functions, such as anti-islanding (shutting down during a blackout to protect grid workers).
After conversion, the AC output moves to the AC Distribution Box (ACDB), which houses breakers and surge protection devices, before finally reaching the main electrical panel (LT Panel) of the building.
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